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Enable Number pad NumLock at startup in Ubuntu Login Window

admin — Sun, 13 Dec 2009 05:54:36 +0000

If you need to input password to login ubuntu and there are numbers in the password,it’s very annoying that you need to press NumLock key to enable number pad every time you login.
Here’s how to enable NumLock when startup into login window.
For Ubuntu Gnome and Xubuntu XFCE (GDM)
Install numlockx by this command in terminal(Applications/Accessories/Terminal):

sudo apt-get install numlockx

edit /etc/gdm/Init/Default with your favourite editor:

sudo gedit /etc/gdm/Init/Default

add following above the last line which says exit 0:

if [ -x /usr/bin/numlockx ]; then
/usr/bin/numlockx on
fi

For KDE
Similar to GDM,edit /etc/kde4/kdm/Xsetup (if you are still running kde3 you will want to edit /etc/kde3/kdm/Xsetup instead) and add the following code to it:

if [ -x /usr/bin/numlockx ]; then
/usr/bin/numlockx on
fi

For more,see:https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NumLock

List of commands determine system info/resources/partitions/process in Ubuntu Linux

admin — Thu, 26 Nov 2009 02:34:26 +0000

Following lists frequently-used commands to determine ubuntu info,resources,partitions,network,process and so on.First,open terminal from Applications/Accessories/Terminal and type the commands.

System infomation

uname -a
#kernel/operating system/CPU info in brief.
head -n 1 /etc/issue
#see the ubuntu version,same tocat /etc/issue
hostname
#hostname
lspci -tv
#list all PCI devices
lsusb -tv
#list all USB devices
lsmod
#list loaded kernel modes
env
#environment variable

Resources

free -m
#see the usage of memory and swap
df -h
#the usage of partitions
du -sh
#see the size of the directory in M.
grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
#total size of RAM
grep MemFree /proc/meminfo
#free size of RAM
uptime
#system running time,users,load average
cat /proc/loadavg
#load average

Disk and Partition

mount | column -t
#mount info about partitions
fdisk -l
#list all partitions,need root permission
swapon -s
#list all swap partitions
hdparm -i /dev/sda
#list disk info (only for IDE)

Network

ifconfig
#list IP informations
route -n
#list route tables
netstat -lntp
#list listening ports
netstat -antp
#list established links

Process

ps -ef
#list all processes
top
#list processes and usage of system resource

User

id username
#list the user info.
last
#list login record
cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd
#list all users
cut -d: -f1 /etc/group
#list all groups
crontab -l
#list scheduled tasks of current user

Service

chkconfig --list
#list all services
chkconfig --list | grep on
#list all running services

Enable and Disable Notebook PC’s touch tablet in Ubuntu

admin — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 02:44:26 +0000

Disable and enable laptop touchpad in Ubuntu is very easy,just one command in terminal(Applications/Accessories/Terminal): synclient touchpadoff=1 this will disable the touchpad.To enable this again,use this command: synclient touchpadoff=0 Related posts: Quickly Enable/Disable Laptop Touchpad with Touchpad-Indicator in Ubuntu 10.10 Touchpad Indicator update with Auto-Disable touchpad when mouse plugged How to Disable DELL N4050 ALPS touchpad [...] Related posts:

Delete the package mis-configured or install failed in Ubuntu

admin — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 05:43:13 +0000

If you encountered configuration error when installing a package in Ubuntu,you will get this error message every time when you installing an other package.It’s very annoying and there is a command to delete this mis-configured package.
Run this in terminal(Applications/Accessories/Terminal):

sudo aptitude purge $(dpkg -l|grep ^rc|awk '{ print $2 }')

this will delete all packages the mis-configured or install failed in ubuntu.

How to show weather information in clock

admin — Sun, 15 Nov 2009 02:15:16 +0000

First,right click on clock area and select preferences

Check show weather in General tab.

In locations tab,click on Add,input your location and timezone.Select display unit in weather tab.

click OK,see effect:

How to know where the package been installed in Ubuntu

admin — Sun, 08 Nov 2009 06:43:23 +0000

If you want to customize installed packages in ubuntu,and forget where you have the packages installed.You can use dpkg command to find out where the packages installed.

dpkg -L package-name

This will list files installed to your system from package-name.
Search for a filename from installed packages,use:

dpkg -S filename

More about dpkg command,type:

man dpkg

Determine Hard disk,CPU infomation/temperature in Ubuntu

admin — Sat, 07 Nov 2009 12:37:40 +0000

Hard Disk info.
First,open up terminal from Applications/Accessories/Terminal,and run:

sudo hdparm /dev/sda

Output:

/dev/sda:
 multcount     = 16 (on)
 IO_support    =  0 (default)
 readonly      =  0 (off)
 readahead     = 256 (on)
 geometry      = 19457/255/63, sectors = 312581808, start = 0

CPU info.

cat /proc/cpuinfo

Output example:

processor	: 0
vendor_id	: AuthenticAMD
cpu family	: 15
model		: 95
model name	: AMD Athlon(tm) 64 Processor 3000+
stepping	: 2
cpu MHz		: 1799.564
cache size	: 512 KB
fpu		: yes
fpu_exception	: yes
cpuid level	: 1
wp		: yes
flags		: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt rdtscp lm 3dnowext 3dnow up rep_good extd_apicid pni cx16 lahf_lm svm extapic cr8_legacy
bogomips	: 3599.12
TLB size	: 1024 4K pages
clflush size	: 64
cache_alignment	: 64
address sizes	: 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management: ts fid vid ttp tm stc

CPU Temperature
Option 1:

cat /proc/acpi/thermal_zone/THRM/temperature

This requires kernel modules support,and enable this in kernel option.
Option 2:
Install lm-sensors:

sudo apt-get install lm-sensors

Then run:

sensors-detect

there will be some questions and you can answer them all YES.
Now,use this command and you will get cpu temperature:

sensors

k8temp-pci-00c3
Adapter: PCI adapter
Core0 Temp:  +44.0°C
Core1 Temp:  +34.0°C

How to set Ubuntu Server System Clock

admin — Fri, 23 Oct 2009 05:57:13 +0000

1.Show system date and time: [root@****~]# clock --show 2.Set system date and time: [root@**** ~]# clock --set --date="10/23/2009 11:26:00" 3.Keep synchronal with network time: [root@****~]# rdate time.join.uni-muenster.de Related posts: Synchronise different time clock in Windows and Ubuntu dual-boot system How to Create your own Wallpaper Clock on Ubuntu Show Weather and Set Date/Time in Ubuntu [...] Related posts:

How to uncompress and install tar.gz/tar.bz2/rar packages in Ubuntu

admin — Sun, 18 Oct 2009 05:19:42 +0000

This tutorial shows how to uncompress and install tar packages in ubuntu.

Uncompress:
First,open up terminal(Applications/Accessories/Terminal).
For tar.gz packages:

sudo tar zxvf file.tar.gz

For tar.bz2 packages:

sudo tar jxvf file.tar.bz2

For rar packages

sudo rar a file.rar

For tar.Z packages

sudo uncompress file.tar.Z

If uncompress packages in user folder(/home/user),omit “sudo” in previous commands.
Install
After uncompress a tar package,commonly you can read the “readme” file in folder for how to install.Following are often used:
option 1:

sudo ./configure
make
make install

option 2:

sudo ./configure --prefix=/path
make
make install

option 3:

sudo ./configure --enable-static-link \
--prefix=$XXX/static --with-curses &&
make &&
make install

Check Gmail Unread messages in terminal

admin — Tue, 13 Oct 2009 02:00:58 +0000

Today I found a command to check unread gmail’s messages in terminal. But it just lists these messages’ names without contents.

Following is the command:

 curl -u gmail_account --silent "https://mail.google.com/mail/feed/atom" | perl -ne 'print "\t" if //; print "$2\n" if /<(title|name)>(.*)<\/\1>/;'

For example,xiangxianni is my gmail account:

wraith@wraith-desktop:~$ curl -u xiangxianni --silent "https://mail.google.com/mail/feed/atom" | perl -ne 'print "\t" if //; print "$2\n" if /<(title|name)>(.*)<\/\1>/;'
Enter host password for user 'xiangxianni':
			Gmail - Inbox for xiangxianni@gmail.com
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